十一面観世音菩薩立像

十一面観世音菩薩立像

十一面観世音菩薩立像

十一面観世音菩薩立像

・年代:平安時代(10世紀)
・法量:像高52.2cm
・指定:重要美術品

Standing Statue of the Eleven-Faced Kannon Bodhisattva
Era: Heian period (10th century)
Dimensions: Height of the statue 52.2 cm
Designation: Important Art Object

十一面観音は十の頭上面を持つ観音で、この姿はあらゆる方角を見渡して救済を行う、観音の救済力の表現とされています。

本像は頭部から台座蓮肉の一部までをサクラと思われる広葉樹の一材から彫出した一木造の立像で、頭上面と右肩以下の右腕、左の肘から先は別に造って取り付けています。像を蓮肉まで含めて一材でつくり、内刳(内部を刳り抜くこと)を行わない技法、装身具を彫出する手法は平安時代前期に見られる特徴であり、太い鼻梁とつり上った瞳が生む強い表情、奥行のある頭部、両胸の下をC字型に刳る表現、下半身に着用した裙(巻きスカート)に見られる翻波式衣文(大きい襞の間に小さな襞をあらわす表現)も古様です。一方で本像は全体として穏やかな作風を示しており、九世紀の仏像に見られる厳しい表現が、温和な和様へと向かいつつある時期、十世紀初めの仏像と考えられます。

The Eleven-Faced Kannon is a Kannon with ten faces on its head, representing the Kannon's ability to look in all directions and offer salvation.

This statue is a standing figure carved from a single piece of broadleaf wood, likely cherry, from the head to part of the lotus pedestal. The faces on the head, the right arm below the right shoulder, and the left arm from the elbow down are separately made and attached. The technique of creating the statue, including the lotus pedestal, from a single piece of wood without hollowing out the interior, and the method of carving the ornaments, are characteristics seen in the early Heian period. The strong expression created by the thick nose bridge and upward-slanting eyes, the deep head, the C-shaped carving under the chest, and the honpa-shiki drapery (a style of depicting large folds with smaller folds in between) seen in the skirt worn on the lower body are also ancient features. On the other hand, the statue as a whole shows a gentle style, suggesting it is a Buddha statue from the early 10th century, a period when the severe expressions seen in 9th-century Buddha statues were transitioning to a more gentle Japanese style.

動画による作品解説

ピエール=オーギュスト・ルノワール 《アルジャントゥイユの橋》

 

オーギュスト・ルノワール
アルジャントゥイユの橋
1873年 油彩・カンヴァス 46.0×63.0cm

Pierre-Auguste Renoir
The Railway Bridge at Argenteuil
1873, Oil on Canvas, 46.0 × 63.0 cm

鉄橋が架かるセーヌ川の様子が自由なタッチで描かれています。川面は短い平筆のタッチでリズミカルに塗られて、その感覚はセーヌ川を吹き抜ける風を想像させるかのようです。鉄橋の影の灰色は光と影のグラデーションではなく、色の面としてあらわされており、川面に盛り上げられた白い絵具とともに降り注ぐ陽光の瞬きが感じられます。

この時期、ルノワールはしばしばアルジャントゥイユに住むモネを訪ねて、ともに制作をしました。二人は戸外にイーゼルを立てて同じ風景を描き、「筆触分割」によって色彩で画面を構成する新しい絵画を模索しました。こうした作品は翌年に開催される「第1回印象派展」に出品され、大きな反響を呼びました。自由な感覚に満ちたこの風景画は、印象派の誕生を象徴する作品の一つといえるでしょう。

The scene of the Seine River with the railway bridge is depicted with a free touch. The river surface is painted rhythmically with short, flat brushstrokes, evoking the sensation of the wind blowing across the Seine. The gray shadows of the bridge are represented as color planes rather than gradients of light and shadow, and along with the raised white paint on the river surface, they convey the flickering sunlight.

During this period, Renoir often visited Monet, who lived in Argenteuil, and they painted together. They set up their easels outdoors and painted the same landscapes, exploring a new style of painting that constructed the canvas with color through "divided brushstrokes." These works were exhibited at the "First Impressionist Exhibition" held the following year, which garnered significant attention. This landscape painting, filled with a sense of freedom, can be considered one of the works symbolizing the birth of Impressionism.

須田国太郎 《ハッカ》

10_suda_m

須田国太郎
ハッカ
1922(大正11)年 油彩・カンヴァス 38.0×49.0mc

Kunitaro Suda
Jaca
1922 (Taisho 11), Oil on canvas, 38.0 × 49.0 cm

1922(大正11)年8月、須田はスペイン北東部アラゴン州のハカ(Jaca)を訪れました。8月4日の日記には「七時半ハッカへ」、途中「一瞬も目を離せぬ絶景」とあり、ハカは「小さいが西班牙としてはいい部に属する」とも記されています。マドリードを拠点にスペイン各地を巡った須田にとって、この町は魅力的な場所の一つとなったようです。

ハカはロマネスク時代の遺跡が残る町で、中世にサンティアゴ巡礼路の起点として定められました。本作には、街の南にそびえるオロル山とその裾野の荒野が描かれています。画面右下に描かれた建物や抑制された色調は、明暗表現を原理的に探求したキュビスムの絵画を連想させます。しかし、本作では劇的な明暗と色彩やマティエールを対比させて空間を生み出す須田の手法を垣間見ることができます。

In August 1922, Suda visited Jaca in the Aragon region of northeastern Spain. His diary entry from August 4th notes, "At 7:30 to Jaca," and describes the journey as "a breathtaking view that one cannot take their eyes off for a moment." He also mentions that Jaca is "small but belongs to a good part of Spain." For Suda, who traveled throughout Spain based in Madrid, this town became one of the charming places.

Jaca is a town with Romanesque ruins and was established as a starting point for the Santiago pilgrimage route in the Middle Ages. This work depicts Mount Oroel, towering south of the town, and the wilderness at its base. The buildings in the lower right of the painting and the restrained color palette evoke the paintings of Cubism, which fundamentally explored the expression of light and shadow. However, in this work, one can glimpse Suda's technique of creating space by contrasting dramatic light and shadow with color and texture.

岸田劉生 《麗子微笑像》

16岸田劉生-麗子微笑像-1921m

岸田劉生
麗子微笑像
1921(大正10)年 水彩・紙 41.8×34.0cm

Ryusei Kishida
Reiko Smiling
1921 (Taisho 10) Watercolor on paper 41.8 × 34.0 cm

赤と黄色が鮮やかな絞りの着物を着た劉生の娘・麗子が描かれています。頭には中国のかんざしをつけて、神秘的な笑みを湛えるようすには、どこか不思議な異国情緒が感じられます。

劉生は日記に「今日は麗子が早びけで早く帰つたので、(中略)、その上又麗子の例のメリンスの赤と黄のシボリの美しいきものを着せて頭に先日の支那のかんざしをつけて、笑つてゐる半身像をはじめて、筆をおく」(1921年9月30日)と記しています。メリンスとはメリノ羊の毛で作った布で、細かな染付ができる数少ない毛織物として重宝されていました。劉生はこの着物を着た麗子をしばしば描きましたが、本作では絞り染め特有の布にできる凹凸を水彩画で表現するため、色の濃淡に注意を払っているようすがうかがえます。

Ryusei's daughter, Reiko, is depicted wearing a vividly colored kimono with red and yellow shibori patterns. She has a Chinese hairpin in her hair, and her mysterious smile gives off a somewhat exotic atmosphere.

In his diary, Ryusei wrote, "Today, Reiko came home early, so I started a half-length portrait of her smiling, wearing her beautiful red and yellow merino woolshibori kimono and the Chinese hairpin from the other day" (September 30, 1921). Merino wool, made of merino sheep, was a prized fabric for its ability to hold fine dye patterns. Ryusei often painted Reiko in this kimono, and in this work, he paid close attention to the gradation of colors to express the unique texture of the shibori-dyed fabric in watercolor.

Exhibited in the 90th Anniversary Memorial Ryusei Kishida Exhibition
This piece was exhibited at the Tokyo Station Gallery's "90th Anniversary Memorial Ryusei Kishida Exhibition" (August 31 - October 20),commemorating 90 years since his passing.

【没後90年記念 岸田劉生展】に出品
東京ステーションギャラリーの『没後90年記念 岸田劉生展』(8/31~10/20)に出品しました。
http://www.ejrcf.or.jp/gallery/exhibition/201908_kishida.html

 

小林古径 《杪秋》

09_kobayashi2_m

小林古径
杪秋
1951(昭和26)年 紙本彩色・軸装 35.2×47.7cm

Kobayashi Kokei
Late Autumn
1951 (Showa 26), color on paper, mounted on a scroll, 35.2 x 47.7 cm

厳しい線描が特徴の古径ですが、ここでははっきりとした線は画面右の猫にのみ施されています。柿の葉や実は黄色や橙色、茶色などの鮮やかな色面でリズミカルに捉えられ、画面を華やかに飾り立てています。それらの描写に写実性はなく、よく見ると枝から離れてさえいます。しかし、はらはら落ちる葉はその重さまでをも感じさせるかのようであり、単なる写実的描写から離れて平面的リズムによって独自のリアリズムに到達しています。地面は色面を暈して描かれており、琳派や大和絵などの影響に基づく伝統的な空間描写を見ることができます。

Although Kokei is known for his strict linework, in this piece, clear lines are only applied to the cat on the right side of the painting. The leaves and fruits of the persimmon are captured rhythmically with vibrant color areas of yellow, orange, and brown, adorning the painting brightly. These depictions lack realism, and upon closer inspection, they are even detached from the branches. However, the falling leaves seem to convey their weight, reaching a unique realism through planar rhythm rather than mere realistic depiction. The ground is depicted with blurred color areas, showing traditional spatial representation influenced by the Rinpa school and Yamato-e.

小林古径 《芥川》

小林古径
芥川
1926(大正15)年頃 絹本彩色・軸装 47.5×75.0cm

Kobayashi Kokei
Akutagawa
Around 1926 (Taisho 15), color on silk, mounted on a scroll, 47.5 x 75.0 cm

本作は伊勢物語の第六段、芥川に想を得た作品です。物語は主人公の男が思い続けた女性を連れて逃げる場面から始まります。二人は芥川の近くまで来ますが、夜が更けて雷雨に遭ったため、蔵に女性を隠して戸を守ります。しかし雷鳴に紛れて闇の中から鬼があらわれて食べてしまい、朝には誰の姿もありませんでした。

蔵で眠る女性は長い髪が床にほどけ、美しい着物の模様が闇から浮かび上がります。そこに雷鳴に紛れて鬼があらわれます。古径はその劇的な場面を厳しい線描と余白の繊細な薄墨により見事にあらわしています。

This work is inspired by the sixth episode of the Ise Monogatari, Akutagawa. The story begins with the protagonist, a man, fleeing with the woman he has longed for. They reach near Akutagawa, but as night falls, they encounter a thunderstorm. The man hides the woman in a storehouse and guards the door. However, amidst the thunder, a demon appears from the darkness and devours her, leaving no trace of anyone by morning.

The woman sleeping in the storehouse has her long hair spread out on the floor, and the beautiful patterns of her kimono emerge from the darkness. It is in this scene that the demon appears amidst the thunder. Kokei skillfully depicts this dramatic scene with strict linework and delicate light ink in the empty spaces.

菩薩立像

菩薩立像

・年代:中国・宋時代(13世紀か)
・法量:総高103.1cm

Standing Statue of Bodhisattva
Era: China, Song dynasty (possibly 13th century)
Dimensions: Total height 103.1 cm

頭頂の髻から台座までを一材で造り、部分的に塑土を盛り上げて成型、彩色を施した菩薩立像。腰を大きく右に捻った弓形の体や、持った供物を支える盆を右方に差し出す姿から、もとは中尊の左右に配した脇侍菩薩像の一体で、本尊に対して供物を捧げる姿であったと思われます。

大づかみな造形は中国の石窟寺院に見られる石像に近く、台座を含む像全体を一木で彫出し、塑土を用いて細部を仕上げる手法、面貌や動きのある体勢は中国で宋時代に制作された仏像の特徴を示しています。体に比して頭部や手が過大な姿や、写実を離れて形式化した造形から、南宋(1127~1279)の時代に制作された像の可能性が高いでしょう。

A standing bodhisattva statue carved from a single piece of wood from the topknot to the pedestal, with parts molded and colored using clay. The body is significantly twisted to the right in a bow shape, and the figure extends a tray holding an offering to the right, suggesting it was originally one of the attendant bodhisattvas placed on either side of the central deity, offering to the main deity.

The rough carving resembles stone statues found in Chinese cave temples. The technique of carving the entire statue, including the pedestal, from a single piece of wood and finishing the details with clay, as well as the facial features and dynamic posture, are characteristic of Buddha statues made in China during the Song dynasty. The disproportionately large head and hands compared to the body and the stylized form departing from realism suggest that this statue was likely made during the Southern Song period (1127–1279).

阿弥陀如来立像

阿弥陀如来立像

・年代:鎌倉時代(13世紀)
・法量:像高99.8cm

Standing Statue of Amida Nyorai
Era: Kamakura period (13th century)
Dimensions: Height of the statue 99.8 cm

西方の極楽浄土に住み、信仰する者を死後、浄土に迎えとるとされた阿弥陀如来の立像。頭体幹部(頭部と体の主要部分)を一材でつくった上、前後に割って内刳を行う一木割矧造の像で、瞳には水晶製の玉眼をはめ込んでいます。螺髪を後頭部でV字形に配し、像底を上げ底式に刳り残す点などは慶派仏師の特徴で、着衣の形式や流麗な衣文線、秀麗な面貌などから、快慶に学んだ仏師の作品と考えられます。なお、通常立像は、両足裏に足枘を作り、台座上面の穴に差し込むのが普通ですが、本像は蓮台上に2本の棒を立て、これを踵の後方に開けた2つの穴に差し込んで立てており、足裏に漆下地を見ることができます。こうした特殊な特徴から本像は、足裏に千幅輪相(如来の足裏にある車輪型の文様)をあらわす像であった可能性があります。鎌倉時代、仏像の姿をなるだけ経典に忠実に再現することで、生身の仏を再現しようとする動きがありますが、本像はこのような生身仏のうち早い時期の作例の可能性が高く、学術的に貴重な仏像です。

A standing statue of Amida Nyorai, who resides in the Western Pure Land and is believed to welcome believers to the Pure Land after death. The head and main body are carved from a single piece of cypress wood, split front and back, and hollowed out inside, known as the ichiboku-zukuri technique. The eyes are inlaid with crystal. The spiral hair is arranged in a V-shape at the back of the head, and the bottom of the statue is hollowed out in a raised-bottom style, which are characteristics of the Kei school sculptors. The clothing style, flowing drapery lines, and elegant facial features suggest it is the work of a sculptor who studied under Kaikei.

Typically, standing statues have tenons on the soles of the feet that fit into holes on the top of the pedestal. However, this statue has two rods on the lotus pedestal that fit into two holes behind the heels, allowing the soles to show the lacquer base. These unique features suggest that the statue may have depicted the thousand-spoked wheel pattern on the soles of the Buddha's feet. During the Kamakura period, there was a movement to faithfully reproduce the appearance of Buddha statues according to scriptures, aiming to recreate the living Buddha. This statue is likely an early example of such living Buddha statues and is academically valuable.

紫紙金字華厳経断簡

紫紙金字華厳経断簡

紫紙金字華厳経断簡

・年代:奈良時代(8世紀)
・法量:縦26.5㎝ 横49.9㎝

Fragment of the Avatamsaka Sutra in Gold Characters on Purple Paper
Era: Nara period (8th century)
Dimensions: Height 26.5 cm, Width 49.9 cm

ムラサキソウで染めた紫紙に金泥で八十巻本の華厳経を書写した古写経で、本経はその一紙分の断簡です。奈良時代の聖武天皇は、741年に国分寺建立の詔を発布し、国ごとに国分寺と国分寺を建立、国分寺には金光明最勝王経、国分尼寺には法華経をそれぞれ十組ずつ書写させ、安置させたことが知られています。その後、聖武天皇は大仏を造立し、諸国の国分寺を統べる総国分寺として東大寺を建立しましたが、本経はこの時、大仏に奉納されたものと考えられます。

写経の最高峰に位置づけられる天平写経の中にあって、本経の一点一画を疎かにしない謹厳端正な書風は、天皇の勅願による官立写経所における写経事業の高い技術と質を感じさせる名品です。

This is an ancient sutra transcription written in gold mud on purple paper dyed with purple gromwell, part of the eighty-volume Avatamsaka Sutra. This fragment is one sheet from that transcription. In 741, Emperor Shomu of the Nara period issued an edict to establish provincial temples and nunneries in each province, having ten sets of the Golden Light Sutra copied and enshrinement for the provincial temples and the Lotus Sutra for the provincial nunneries. Later, Emperor Shomu constructed the Great Buddha and established Todai-ji as the central provincial temple overseeing all provincial temples. This sutra is believed to have been dedicated to the Great Buddha at that time.

Among the Tenpyo sutra transcriptions, which are considered the pinnacle of sutra copying, this sutra's meticulous and dignified calligraphy reflects the high skill and quality of the sutra copying projects conducted at the government-run sutra copying office under the emperor's decree.

上原美術館